Wednesday, October 30, 2019
Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2
Reflection - Essay Example Studies conducted in the past have elucidated the fact that human behavior is learned. Therefore, to acquire a strong personality and as well acquire skills and knowledge that would help me in achieving my goal of managing a school as a principal requires a lot of practice. This paper is a personal reflection on my leadership development. Transformational leadership theory application To manage a school successfully and effectively, I will be required to have strong leadership skills. Therefore adopting a transformational leadership style will be necessary. As a principal in a school, adopting a transformational leadership style means that I will have the ability to effectively control state of affairs and various circumstances that avail themselves within the school. According to Marshall (2010): Transformational leadership is a style in which the leader identifies the needed change, creates a vision to guide the change through inspiration, and executes the change with the commitmen t of other. Transformational leadership taps into the emotional and spiritual resources of an organization. It is a process of developing the leadership capacity of an entire team. Transformational leaders inspire others to achieve what might be considered extraordinary results. (3) Leadership qualities may be acquired through learning. This is the reason why I chose a course that is associated with leadership development. ... In my trips, I have been able to associate myself face to face with principals in a number of schools and subsequently I have built a social network with them. Many of these principles act as my mentors. Through their mentoring and advice, I have been able to acquaint myself with practical knowledge and first hand experiences in managing a school. This is a clear indication that my course in human development and leadership has been offering a platform that I will use as a springboard to accomplish my goals in life. There are various hurdles faced my many principals in schools today. As an aspiring school principal, I will have to identify my outstanding qualities and attributes and direct them towards management and leadership practices as transformational leadership requires. How a school principle will manage a school will highly depend on his/her individual attributes. For instance, my ability to communicate clearly will ensure that both the learners and teachers grasp and compre hend any information and facts I will be relaying to them. This will necessitate me, as the principal of that particular school to adapt an appropriate leadership method or technique. A good and effective leadership technique such as a transformational leadership style puts into consideration the needs and requirements or each and every stakeholder involved in the learning process. In this case, it will be important for me to familiarize myself with each and every teacher within the school as this would be helpful in planning and implementing strategies. Through successfully and effectively completing this course, I will have gained the necessary skills and knowledge that will enable me to adapt a transformational leadership style.
Monday, October 28, 2019
Impact of Wikileaks on the Global Political and Economic Landscape Essay Example for Free
Impact of Wikileaks on the Global Political and Economic Landscape Essay Introduction WikiLeaks website has changed the profession of journalism in the United States and the media perspective with its flow in the information society. The website is a platform that helps unmask all the corruption activities going on in the government offices. Of all the media platforms WikiLeaks is the most famous for the news updates on political matters happening in the states and around the globe. Wilileaks has contributed to several media conflicts especially between the United States and other nations and that is why the government does not support its activities at all. In my essay, I am going to explore the various ways in which WikiLeaks has helped unmask several criminal and corruption activities going on in the country. Although some of its news are a bit compromising to the security and dignity of the nation the platform has given light to the people of the United States of America. Wikileaks is a non-profitable and non-commercial internet platform that was introduced in 2006 by Julia Assage. It relies on online donation for all its functioning and funding. Its main purpose is to upload documents that help expose the government and corporate institutions to the public. These documents are uploaded anonymously by using an online submission form. The importance of this platform is that it has the potential to make known the scale of brutality and violence especially in the military welfare. Political honesty is a virtue that every U S politician should exercise and with the help of Wikileaks they have no option but observe it. In other words, a journalist platform watchdog makes secrets transparent to all and especially those involving the public. Most media organization has tried to view groups like WikiLeaks in several dimensions with most of them considering its concrete actions as one of the online activism and the impacts of its actions. It is important to first note the relationship between the two groups, media and government. In most incidences the media always seems to be conflicting with the government over issues regarding the people. Platforms like WikiLeaks are great threat to the state government especially in issues of corruption and law (Shirky, 2011, p.41). Through their online activism, Anonymous and WikiLeaks groups have their power to â€Å"unmask†power structures like the corrupt police departments in the US, and all the Armison brutality activities. While WikiLeaks has gained fame as a whistle blowing site since its introduction in 2006, its reputation increased when it released the so-called Iraq and Afghanistan war document in 2010. This document contained crucial and important information about the events that took place and the people and nations responsible for the war. The United States government was not happy with the release of these documents as they posed great danger of terror attacks by either Iraq or Afghanistan. These two countries are known for their fierce terrorism activities and interfering with them would be like provoking them. The release of these documents brought about a number of questions concerning the legal implication of journalism freedom with top government officials claiming that too much freedom will lead to misuse of information or misinterpretation of some crucial and sensitive information (Springer, 2014, p.411).Actions of WikiLeaks have affected the media platform in various concrete ways. The likes of Tambini and Lynch have tried to investigate the implication of WikiLeaks work and the measures to regulate the censorship of related sites especially in the UK and US. They argue that whistle blowing organizations should be awarded protection under the law on their ability to â€Å"self-regulate†and â€Å"develop†ethical principles to govern their freedom of publication and decisions they make on their work. The platform poses a great threat to the government and politicians and there are fears that if allowed to continue with its activities it will cause a lot of harm to the U S government by exposing sensitive government secrets to the world. Other nations also feel that WikiLeaks should be restricted on some publications because some of the information it exposes might cause a lot of friction especially between nations. The advancement of WikiLeaks since its establishment up to the publication of the Iraq and Afghanistan document was marked by a degree of media fascination, which made it gain a lot of fame compared to other media platforms. This posed a great threat to the media personalities who felt that WikiLeaks was gaining fame with each passing day making their work very difficult to appeal their audience. Its turnaround moment came in 2010 and continued to 2011 when the organization produced a lot of materials and documents regarding the Iraq war, the Collateral Murder Video and the diplomatic cable. There have been several attempts by media organizations to look down on the role of cites like WikiLeaks and deny them the freedom to post confidential documents although these attempts have not succeeded because the platform is under the media authority which protects all its activities. It also describes itself as a watchdog for the people â€Å"we believe that it is not only the people of the United States who should keep their government honest but also people from other countries†and that is why other countries are also opposing Wikileaks activities. (Pozen, 2013, p.635). We can say that wikiLeaks has played a great role in ensuring that congress does not abuse the powers granted to it and its members. He makes information about organizations that abuse powers granted to them available to the public and so they are aware of what their leaders do this makes leaders very keen on what they do. Anonymous submission of analyzed documents about the various activities going on in public offices and organizations are presented on the WikiLeaks website enabling millions of viewers to have knowledge of what is happening behind the curtains of power. The difference between WikiLeaks and other sites like Wikipedia is that it engages mostly in the political struggles. The use of media has become a trend in the United States making the latter transparent and exposing those who try to abuse office powers granted to them. Today we live in a world where technology is the main aspect to shaping the lives of many people. The internet is now being used as an eye of power to tackle various aspects of crimes performed by leaders especially in third world countries (Coleman, 2014, p.406). Based on various aspects of tradition we can define power as the â€Å"disposition over the means required to influence various processes and decisions in our daily lives.†this means that the power to control several issues like political influences and distribution of resources can be distributed in a more systematic way. Democracy is the only way to ensure there is equal distribution and exercise of both political and cultural powers. Organizations like WikiLeaks exist because we live in an era where political and cultural powers are not exercised fairly as expected. Any government that exercises its powers as expected should not have any worries about organizations set to scan their activities. They should instead be supporting such groups so that they can display their good work on these sites. The United States government highly opposes such organizations like Wikileaks because they are afraid that their dirty linens will be exposed to the public. Analysis shows that the most important element of WikiLeaks is to make the Obama government practice transparency in their works and offices, establish a more transparent, and open government. The platform defines itself as a liberal project that protects the rights of the United States people especially freedom of speech because it strengthens democracy by exposing government corruption. He places his emphasis on documenting government and corporate irresponsibility and abuse of powers. This shows the general public that the corrupt government is the main problem in the world’s economy and is pulling development behind. Instead of improving the livelihood of their nations politicians are busy engaging themselves embezzling funds and resources meant to improve the development of their citizens. There has been an emerging body geared at seeking a framework to examine the works of WikiLeaks and its impact on the current situation in the U S. The widespread use of technology has made his work a success in various ways and has brought a great impact to the world’s economy. Following the publication of the Iraq documents the United States government heavily criticized WikiLeaks work. The government claimed that these documents were a great threat to the security of their country and could put the citizens at a very high risk of terror attacks by the Afghanistan government (Springer, 2014, p.411). The truth about the WikiLeaks documents is that they got the potential and ability to make visible the amount of brutality and violence especially in military horror conflicts during their activities because some use a lot of brutality on their subjects. The site is political based since most of its news come from the political arena, although many view it as a threat to ruling groups and they see it as an enemy. Instead criticizing such cites we should base our efforts in monitoring the governance offered by our political leaders. We should ask ourselves are our political leaders meeting all our demands and expectations. Do they take advantage of the powers granted to them to abuse office? In fact, we should ensure that we capture every activity they undertake so that we can be sure of what they do with our money. They should be aware that the public is watching their every move and be conscious of their actions. There has been a problem with scientists arguing that the journalism powers and freedom granted to these sites are too much and they are using them inappropriately to create biased information. Most leaders are unable to verify the facts stated in the articles because they do not have a strong background. This makes the general public doubt their potential and innocence in the accused incidents. Some of these articles have very confidential information about the government and exposing them is like displaying the secrets of a state. The scientist claims that there should be a certain limit to the freedom of publication of such documents to the internet because they may cause a great damage in future (Gibson 2013, p. 314). In my study, I have explored several things and have learnt that; journalism benefits from a disclosure of the framework in which it is built. A journalism model is bound to directly or in directly affects the model in which leaking of important documents will be exposed to the public. In my opinion, WikiLeaks models are the most effective journalism models since they abide to the entire ethic. Real life cases are always the best examples to handle and solve situations and that is why it is advisable in some situations to leave behind the easy scenarios to get the best outcome to fit in the world. Most critiques of Wikileaks have released their anger by claiming that exposing secret documents will pose great danger to Americans. For instance, if you expose concrete information about a certain terror group the group is bound to take revenge on you by conducting a terror attack on you. Some of the publishers do not look at the possibilities of posing danger to the people but stick to the fact that the public has the right to know what is happening around them regardless of the intensity of the matter. It is therefore advisable that these journalists are cautious of what they publish to the public to avoid any conflicts. I believe that journalists have the right to publish what they want and help the public know about their government on the basis that they abide by the rules put in place to govern their publications. References Curran, G, Gibson, M 2013, WikiLeaks, Anarchism and Technologies of Dissent, Antipode,           45, 2, pp.      294-314, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November  2014. Springer, S, Chi, H, Crampton, J, McConnell, F, Cupples, J, Glynn, K, Warf, B, Attewell, W           2012, Leaky            Geopolitics: The Ruptures and Transgressions of WikiLeaks, Geopolitics,           17, 3, pp. 681-711,  Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November     2014. Youngblood Coleman, D 2014, United States: 2014 Country Review, United States Country Review, pp.            1-981, Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November    2014. Coleman, DY 2014, Afghanistan, Afghanistan Country Review, pp. 2-406, Business Source   Complete,            EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November 2014. Pozen, DE 2013, The Leaky Leviathan: Why The Government Condemns         And Condones            Unlawful Disclosures Of Information, Harvard     Law Review, 127, 2, pp. 512-635,            Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28           November 2014. Shirky, C 2011, The Political Power of Social Media, Foreign Affairs, 90, 1, pp. 28-41,           Academic Search            Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 28 November 2014.
Saturday, October 26, 2019
The Devine Comedy Essay -- essays research papers
This review is on The Divine Comedy, written by Dante Alighieri in 1306 - 21. The time period is in the 1300’s. Dante often used his knowledge of the present to predict future events. The book is divided into 3 sections: Inferno (hell), Purgatorio (purgatory), and Paradiso (heaven). Each one of these sections is divided into 33 cantos (except Inferno, which has 34 cantos), which are written in tercets (groups of 3 lines). The number 3 in Dante's time was significant because it was considered holy. Dante’s dead love Beatrice asks the Virgin Mary to help him see the error of his ways. Mary accepts and Dante is sent to hell for 3 days. Next he goes up Mount Purgatory on the other side of the world, then to Heaven in the sky. Dante is lost at the beginning of the story, so he needs guides to help him along. His first guide, through Hell and Purgatory, is Virgil. They encounter many sinners on the way. Dante learns to hate sin. His second guide is Beatrice, the woman he adored while she lived. His final guide is Saint Bernard, who takes him to see God. As the pilgrims entered Purgatory, an angel inscribed the letter "P" on Dante's forehead seven times, to represent the seven deadly sins (pride, envy, anger, sloth, avarice, gluttony, and lust). As Dante made his way through the seven areas reserved for those who committed each of these sins, the letters were erased one by one, and the climb became less difficult. Most obviously difficult for the illustrator is the fac...
Thursday, October 24, 2019
Intermolecular Bonding Essay :: essays research papers
Intermolecular Bonding Essay Write an essay on intermolecular bonding. Explain how each type of bond arises and the evidence for the existence of each. Comment on their strengths in relation to the types of atoms involved; the covalent bond and relative to each other. Use the concepts of different types and strengths of intermolecular bonds to explain the following: There exists four types of intermolecular bonding, they include ionic, covalent, Van der waals and hydrogen bonding. In order to describe the existence of such bonding you must also understand the concepts of polarity, polar and non-polar, and electronegativity. Ionic bonds are created by the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another. In this process of electron transfer, each atom becomes a ion that is isoelectronic with the nearest noble gas., the substance is held together by electrostatic forces between the ions. The tendency for these ions to be formed by elements is corespondent to the octet rule, when atoms react,, they tend to do so in such a way that they attain an outer shell containing eight electrons. The factors that effect the formation of ions are ionization energy, electron affinity, lattice energy. Figure 1 The transfer of electrons involved in the formation of (a) sodium chloride and (b) calcium fluoride. Each atom forms an ion with an outer shell containing eight electrons. For many elements, compounds cannot be formed by the production of ions, since the energy released in the formation of the lattice of ions would be insufficient to overcome the energy required to form the ions would be insufficient to overcome the energy required to form the ions in the first place. In order for the atoms to achieve a noble gas configuration they must use another method of bonding by the process of electron sharing. From figure 2, you can see that the example of two hydrogen atoms combing. As the atoms get closer together, each electron experiences an attraction towards the two nuclei and the electron density shifts so that the most probable place to find the two electrons is between the two nuclei. Effectively each atom now has a share of both the electrons. The electron density between the two nuclei exerts an attractive force on each nucleus keeping them held tightly together in a covalent bond. Figure 2 A covalent bond forming between two hydrogen atoms. It is also possible for two atoms share more than one pair of electrons, sharing two pairs results in a double bond and sharing three pairs results in a triple bond. Electronegativity is a measure of how powerful a atom is in a molecule to
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Compare the opening sequences of the film Essay
I have chosen to compare the opening sequence of â€Å"Hannibal†with that of the opening of the classic crime thriller â€Å"Reservoir Dogs. To accurately make comparisons of the two openings it is essential that I study the sound, the use of colour, camera work, lighting text and mise en scene. Not only stating what is there but also why. This has been achieved by first connotating and dennotating each opening. I watched both openings numerous times, both in class and at home. This made it possible for me to decisively analyse and then compare the two openings. The opening sequence of â€Å"Hannibal†begins with a black frame and a sound bridge which consists of a conversation between two people, the voices and content of the conversation are unclear but grab the audiences attention as you need to focus to attempt make out what’s going on. There is calming music being played, piano music, very soft as not to take our attention away from the voices but just to create a subdued atmosphere. From the bottom right hand corner of the screen a small box with an image in it approaches at a slow but steady pace. The camera is revolving around the image. The box gradually begins to enlarge and takes over from the black frame. The reasoning for this technique is so that the audience is immediately involved with the scene, instead of the opening scene just being there, a certain amount of suspense and tension is created as the audience wait to see whether their own interpretations are correct. This is an insight into how the rest of the film is going to go. The main themes and plot are not there in black and white instead you, the audience are invited to read between the lines and go along with Agent Clarice and solve the case. The camera then pans across slowly and what unfolds before us is a significant opening into the storyline. The pace and angle of movement of the camera make it perceivable that the audience is in the form of another person entering the room. The sluggishness of the camera gets the audience waiting in anticipation, you are eager to put a face to the two voices that have been heard throughout. The two colours immediately evident through the interior and lighting are a chilling blue and a fierce red. These are extremely relevant, for the reason that blue is the colour associated with Starling throughout the film, representing her loneliness in her search for Hannibal. Red is a symbol of Hannibal, conveying his murderous characteristics and his dangerous ways. The interior is of a very regal house, this is symbolic of Hannibal himself because previously it has been seen that however disturbed he may be he has to some extent a certain degree of class, in terms of choice of music, arts, food (other than flesh). The two characters are the doctor from the hospital Hannibal was once a resident at and the other a victim of Hannibal, an extremely disfigured man. This acts as a re-introduction to Hannibal, and what he is capable of inflicting on his victims. The conversation progresses between the two and the audience are then witness to four close ups in succession, two of which are over the shoulder shots, enabling us to view the others reaction to what has been said to them. The choice of close ups allow the audience to get an understanding of both characters through facial expressions, who they are and what role they have to play in the story. The doctor appears as the good character whereas the victim appears as the bitter evil character this can be defined by their characteristics, posture and context of their conversation. The scene develops further, with the conversation taking a more direct approach to what is to be the climax of the scene, the introduction of the mask. There are a string of mid shots which present us with more background on both characters. The doctor is wearing some sort of professional nurse’s uniform and â€Å"Cardel†is wearing a suit fitted to his mangled body, although suggesting that he has a certain amount of wealth and social status. As the conversation continues there are two more close-ups which coincide with important parts of the conversation. An example of this is when the word â€Å"thousand†is spoken. This could be seen as a symbolic message, representing the extent of pain â€Å"Cardel†has be subjected to or the extent of revenge he wishes to inflict on Hannibal. The scene ends with a close up gradually changing into an enlarged extreme close up of the mask which is to be the artefact of the movie. The mask takes up the entire screen before fading away into the blackness of the original opening shot. The fact that there has been a cycle from black through to black could suggest that the story may be similar in that there is no answer instead an encircling cat and mouse saga. From the first scene the editing has been very smooth and gradual, there appears to be no rush to get the audience to the story, maybe implying that the story will come to the audience. The mask fades out again at no great pace and then â€Å"Hannibal†appears in a red font, as if to bring fear to the audience. The scene commencing is of a more complexed nature there are more shots with the editing being more sharp and severe. There are a chain of short shots, no longer than a few seconds which are all related to Hannibal in some form. The technique used is to convey that all the images have been taken from a security camera, recording the events of the town centre of Italy, which is a bustling constant moving place, no dramatic incidents just people walking through the streets and cars driving through traffic. The shots have been edited to appear faster than real time. This is another link in with the story line, although there may be no overly dramatic sub-plots there are plenty of twists which will keep the audience alert. Flickered in between these shots, are an image of a brain. The shot is so sudden that the audience only just have enough time to be taken aback let alone comprehend the significance, the fact that Hannibal later eats a brain. There use of pigeons are a link to the â€Å"silence of the lambs†when Hannibal describes Clarice as a pigeon and comes in handy when Hannibal’s face is displayed amongst the pigeons for a few seconds. This technique of suspending time is a method used twice in this scene, the other being when the camera focuses briefly on a man who’s appearance is much similar to that of Hannibal, but we are left unsure whether it is him or not. Either way we are again reintroduced to Hannibal as a physical character rather than just a theme. There are many images of flesh, a representation of cannibalism which is a key theme associated with â€Å"Hannibal†. The shot of the pigs links in with the events later in the film, when the hungry pigs are unleashed to destroy Hannibal. This theme has been carried on from the Hannibal trilogy. Police officers are also used signify the factor of crime and deviance used by both Hannibal and fellow FBI agents of Clarice. The opening scene of â€Å"Reservoir Dogs†has a duration of 7 and half minutes which is exceedingly long for an opening. For a good 6 minutes neither the setting, camera angle nor characters change within the first scene. This makes it a relatively easy opening to analyse although there are many artefacts and themes which are relevant to the rest of the film and must be mentioned. The opening shot is a black frame with a voice over of â€Å"Mr Pink†talking about Madonna. The black frame doesn’t last too long and soon we are introduced to the setting which we are to be subjected to for the next 7 minutes. It is a cheap breakfast dinner. Immediately the audience are placed right next to the main table. It is obvious that the dinner is cheap because of the interior the curtains have a corny appearance, the pictures on the wall look inexpensive the lighting is very false and the condiments on the table are plastic. The camera remains the same throughout, endlessly circling, giving the appearance of a shy little boy wandering around the table always focusing on whoever is speaking or making a gesture of importance, rarely giving us a clean shot of their faces but just enough to introduce the audience to the principle characters. The gangsters light cigarettes and drink coffee, the conversation diverges into that of the origins of Madonna’s song â€Å"Like a virgin†and a few other tedious subject come into play. All the way through we are given extensive time to learn about the 8 men all sitting around the table. All the men bar one are dressed up in the stereotypical gangster outfit, a black suit, white shirt and black tie. This is part of mise en scene, introducing us to the concept of a â€Å"crew†of gangsters all together for a reason. Their appearance however stereotypical is very simplistic and that could be what they are expecting of their proposed heist, this later comes out as irony because the heist is far from simple. There is one man who is not in a suit and that is â€Å"Nice Guy Eddie†he is though in another form of stereotypical gangster attire. He is wearing a blue shell suit, opened up enough to show his big gold necklace on top of his hairy chest. This makes him out to be somebody of importance, maybe the â€Å"boss†. The atmosphere is very smoky, which is a sharp contrast on top of the easily wipeable tables and disposable napkins, this could again be a representation of their plans becoming clouded by unforeseen circumstances. After taking in what is before us the audience begin to want reasoning for why eight gangsters are all together in such a cheap establishment, and it is apparent that they want to be inconspicuous, avoid any unwanted attention from the authorities. This builds up a sense of anticipation, there is now a distinct impression that violence is going to rain. There is another key shot that implies a sense of violence and that is when â€Å"Joe†steps up to pay the bill, the camera pans up and we are given a glimpse of his gun. This is the first sign of possible bloodshed, this builds on the previous sense of anticipation.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Free Essays on Impact Of The Puritan Setting Upon The Characters In The Scarlet Letter And The Ministers Black Veil
Impact of the Puritan Setting Upon the Characters in The Scarlet Letter and The Minister's Black Veil This essay will examine the thematic relevance to the Puritan setting and its impact upon the characters and their development in both "The Scarlet Letter" and the short story, "The Minister's Black Veil." These two texts detail an accurate portrayal of what I assume the Puritan community to represent. This is partly because of the Puritan background within the works, but also considering that the main characters of these are deeply rooted within the Puritan faith and are, in different ways, in the public eye and are under separate scrutiny as a result of such. Mr. Hooper, being a minister, is considered a beacon and an exemplar of faith and righteousness in his community. One bright Sunday morning, Reverend Hooper dons a black veil to his congregation and lectures on sin and its appearance, or lack thereof. His congregation is outraged but intrigued by his use of the symbolic sheath. Since his sermon focuses on the "secret sin" of his parishoners and the entire community, they are d rawn to assume that Mr. Hooper, himself, carries with his a "secret sin" which he is hiding from underneath his veil. Now Hawthorne titles this short story as a parable which leads one to conclude that the veil is used a not only a symbol of "secret sin" but a paradox. His congregation is so concerned and obsessed with his personal sins that they forget about their own; this was the intent of Mr. Hooper's veil: to cause them to reflect upon their own spiritual status and to confess their sins. But the Puritans, notorious for their pride within practice and fallacy within faith, ignore this allegorical costume and sensationalize his message. Because, after all, Mr. Hooper must be hiding SOMETHING underneath that veil of his... The second character under scrutiny by their community and this English major is Hester Prynne, a young wom... Free Essays on Impact Of The Puritan Setting Upon The Characters In The Scarlet Letter And The Minister's Black Veil Free Essays on Impact Of The Puritan Setting Upon The Characters In The Scarlet Letter And The Minister's Black Veil Impact of the Puritan Setting Upon the Characters in The Scarlet Letter and The Minister's Black Veil This essay will examine the thematic relevance to the Puritan setting and its impact upon the characters and their development in both "The Scarlet Letter" and the short story, "The Minister's Black Veil." These two texts detail an accurate portrayal of what I assume the Puritan community to represent. This is partly because of the Puritan background within the works, but also considering that the main characters of these are deeply rooted within the Puritan faith and are, in different ways, in the public eye and are under separate scrutiny as a result of such. Mr. Hooper, being a minister, is considered a beacon and an exemplar of faith and righteousness in his community. One bright Sunday morning, Reverend Hooper dons a black veil to his congregation and lectures on sin and its appearance, or lack thereof. His congregation is outraged but intrigued by his use of the symbolic sheath. Since his sermon focuses on the "secret sin" of his parishoners and the entire community, they are d rawn to assume that Mr. Hooper, himself, carries with his a "secret sin" which he is hiding from underneath his veil. Now Hawthorne titles this short story as a parable which leads one to conclude that the veil is used a not only a symbol of "secret sin" but a paradox. His congregation is so concerned and obsessed with his personal sins that they forget about their own; this was the intent of Mr. Hooper's veil: to cause them to reflect upon their own spiritual status and to confess their sins. But the Puritans, notorious for their pride within practice and fallacy within faith, ignore this allegorical costume and sensationalize his message. Because, after all, Mr. Hooper must be hiding SOMETHING underneath that veil of his... The second character under scrutiny by their community and this English major is Hester Prynne, a young wom...
Monday, October 21, 2019
buy custom Trends that InfluenceTraining essay
buy custom Trends that InfluenceTraining essay Online education has been embraced by many higher education institutions and a significant increase of enrolled distant learning students has risen in both colleges and universities. Due to these enrolments demand changes many institutions, organizations and states aim at implementing online education by constantly working on strategic plans. Software training packages developers provide convenient cost-effective courses for use by trainees. This is because it has been more expensive and less effective to use traditional classroom settings than self-paced training videos, Compact discs and intranet settings. Governments, businesses and more schools have added to their organizations, online courses and other distance learning forms due to fall in cost of implementing e-learning tools. Important decisions on the use of e-learning on organizations and learning institutions can be carried out by keeping an eye on e-learning top trends and asking critical questions concerning ones own strategies on e-learning. Participants of strategic political influence skills program enter political arena by receiving a political wakeup call on the business needs. Signals that are under-political are read by online students and they also recognize two primary styles with their strengths and risks with their non-manipulative strategies for corporate politics navigation with integrity. Ideas and careers are thus advanced through some concrete methods in an ethical manner with proven political training skills program. Technology Trends Technology Infrastructure One of the technological trends that influence online training is technology infrastructure. Online training programs are driven by advanced technology infrastructures such as dedicated web servers, online applications, exclusive database engines, animation and video streaming applications, interactive audio. Firstly, nline training largely depends on technology for its implementation. Every computer user, regardless of their proficiency level is exposed to constantly changing technology(Thirunarayanan, 2005). With improved technology online training has become a viable alternative to other forms of training. Improved technology has enlarged the infrastructure for online learning making it more efficient and easily accessible. Heavy investment in technological infrastructure by learning institution has attracted more students in distant learning. Successful implementation of technology for learning requires incorporation of technology in a collaborative environment to be effective, real world simulations and project-based learning should be the major focus of utilization instructional technology. Good leadership, support and modeling from teachers, administrators, and parents are some of the requirements for effective technological integration Wireless Technology and Increased Use of Laptops Consumer trends show increasing use and purchase of laptops by many consumers especially university and college students. Technological advancement leading to development of more efficient laptops has largely boosted online training. Laptops are largely potable therefore online student can easily access training in any place. Students, via advanced technology engage in more collaborative work in most of their time than non-laptop students and also write higher quality work. These students also have increased access to information and improved data analysis skills. They hence become collaborators, direct their own learning, engage in critical thinking and problem solving readily, and show deeper and further flexible uses of technology consistently and lastly, they are made to spend more time doing their assignments on computers. Ever since the emergence of laptops e-learning has not been the same again, research shows that manyy students involved in online training have their own lapt ops. Wireless technology has been among the main drivers of online learning, particularly to students with laptops who can now access the internet without the need to connect to internet cables. Many surfers can access the internet from the same source unlimitedly. A whirlwind of a new wireless web device is experienced once telecommunication escapes the economic doldrums of previous years. The wireless device is led by advanced cellular telephones, pocket PCs and personal digital assistance and it will in the end, as the world economy improve, build in momentum. The wireless networking accessories available nowadays are many and can be put to use anywhere.This has been one of the major reasons why currently more people have opted for online training. Continuing Development of the Internet and Web Another huge trend influencing online training is the ever continuing development of the internet. Highly efficient and easy to use website have been developed allowing even students to take live online training. Password security and teachers online support has been enhanced by the web development, which in turn has improved and continues to improve online training. The impact of the websites improvements on online training has been hugely noticeable and commendable. The readily accessible and fast internet has made it possible for trainers and teachers deliver online assignments conveniently. This has also greatly boosted the students participation in class activities such as online discussions and submission of assignments making learning easier an interesting to both parties. The availability of platforms on the web to discuss and post questions has made students feel free and more enlightened as answers are posted by other students or even the teacher making it easy and fast for students to learn new things. Buy custom Trends that InfluenceTraining essay
Sunday, October 20, 2019
Charles Peaces Emblems essays
Charle's Peace's Emblems essays When looking at any portrait, as Stein states on his essay, it is obvious to see the numerous qualities, which in fact represent the theme of that painting, including historical and cultural meanings as well as biographical representations of the sitter in general. This obvious encounter is especially true when discussing a self-portrait. Through a self-portrait, one can portray an exact internal feeling, or sense of being, into an external emphasis on canvas. Ones complex self can be understood easier by an artists work. A particular self-portrait would be that of Charles Willson Peace, entitled The Artist In His Museum (1822). In Peales self-portrait, he portrays himself and his works through emblematic portraiture. This portraiture is a unique way of expressing ones self through organized objects. These objects do not exactly show the individual meaning, but totally represent the pictures meanings in a whole. They are the meaning. These objects actually represent the culture by their carefully placed positions in the portrait. These are symbols that all have a relationship with the portrait. Peaces use of emblem portraiture brings nature and art together, and also examines the rise and progress of the museum as told by Stein. Stein explains Peales use of emblematic portraiture through his use of numerous objects, each with extremely significant values. The first emblem would be a dead turkey lying on a taxidermists table waiting to be transformed into a life-like exhibit for the museum. The turkey, which was brought to the museum by his son, was from a westward expedition to Missouri. When alive, this turkey roamed the forests and represented in the naturalists mind, the clear vitality of the American wild; but when dead, shows the first step in recreating the bird, giving it life inside the museum. The turkey was also a naturalists r ...
Saturday, October 19, 2019
Community Service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Community Service - Essay Example It depends upon the location and the community as well as its needs. Mostly, service includes assistance towards vulnerable and disadvantaged members of the society in their betterment. Today, community service is undertaken by almost any member of any society and not just by offenders; philanthropists, businessmen as well as students alike have the leverage to give back whatever they can and help society in their own ways. The main objectives in conducting this review was to find out the history of community service and how it helps people to reform and bring about a change in their lives, and also whether or not the same is even possible. It was found through research that many people have found it therapeutic to engage in service towards others and thus have been able to grow and learn a great deal from the entire experience. People engage in community service to introspect within their own selves as well as meet new people and help the vulnerable and weak sections of the society that we live in. This enables them to not only gain a feel good factor but also helps in bringing a smile to someone else’s face. The research conducted was doctrinal in nature. The main process for finding information regarding this review was my dependence on electronic material. ... I have also engaged in talking to people and thus collecting first hand data regarding their experiences of participating in community service. My own experience has also provided for a paragraph of information in the main article. The main guidelines that I abided by were to look over the objectives of an individual engaging in community service and why he would do so. Moreover, I looked into the background as well as looked up information regarding corporate social responsibility as a part of service towards the community by big industries and companies. The parameters and requirements that I had in mind while conducting research was to include only relevant information – especially that which is first hand in nature because experiences account for the best information regarding answers to questions based on whether or not engaging in service actually helps a person, which has been the fundamental question of an individual being a part of the community and giving back to oth ers. I selected the sources that I have because of their credibility of information and eliminated the others because I did not find them relevant enough to discuss or read. Many articles have general information about community service, however my requirements were specific to reform within an individual and how the servitude is not meant for only those that have wronged the law. Interview 1. Why is it important to have a society with community service? Community service enables people to work for society and helps them in contributing and giving back. Since it first originated for the purpose of carrying on social service on part of offenders of the law, it acted as a punitive measure to provide the offender with a chance to give back to society as well as introspect
Friday, October 18, 2019
MEMO---Affordable Care ACT Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
MEMO---Affordable Care ACT - Assignment Example The growth is facilitated by the company staff, the full-time employees and the part-time employees. The company already has a health insurance cover for the full-time employees. The cover has reduced recurrent expenditure on hospital bills and also improved the welfare of the full-time employees (Sommers et al, 2013). We believe that, if the health package is extended to the part-time staff, it will greatly improve their welfare and attitude towards the company. Currently, part-time employees represent 20% of the total company employees. In addition, the number increases to 30% of the total workforce when there is a huge workload. Due to the unpredictable patterns of the economy, the company is forced to recruit an additional team to aid in delivering various important tasks. Therefore, when the health insurance cover under the Affordable health care is adopted on board, the company will also benefit. The company has experienced tremendous growth for the last ten years. The number of employees is expected to double within the next year to approximately 300 employees including the part-time employees. It is a requirement to have health insurance for all employees of registered companies. This is in line with the Affordable Care Act, which becomes effective soon. As part of the company’s core values, it is important to comply with national laws to ensure the continued success of the company. Complying with the new mandate will see the company increase in size and increase the annual turnover, in the long run (Huntington et al, 2011). Though the Affordable health care will increase the company costs, it will have a variety of benefits. A health insurance cover for the part-time employees will help reduce absenteeism due to sickness. Absenteeism impacts the company negatively, and it is an additional cost to the company. Where several part-time employees are absent, the company will be
Final examination assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words
Final examination - Assignment Example During his time, there was the introduction of tea for drinking, invention of gunpowder and the introduction of money as means of exchange. All these innovations took place during the reign of the Song dynasty (Asia for Educators 1). Additionally, the Song dynasty was characterized by an enormous commercial growth, and most of the historians referred to this era as an era of pre-modern character. Because of industrialization, there was the production of non-agricultural good. Production of nonagricultural was of dominance. China has been distinguished as the only nation that had early developments. Furthermore, urbanization became abundant in the Chinese cities. Writers like Marco polo came from one of the most sophisticated cities in Europe during his time, but he was amazed on the organization of the Chinese cities, which he visited in the year 1200. There was also an enormous population growth that shifted its locus towards Southern China due to the rapid civilization of the Chinese in Song Dynasty. Moreover, during the Song dynasty Chinas population became more concentrated to the North of China where wheat was grown. After 1127, Song made Hangzhou the Capital in Southern China (Asia for Educators 1). This coincided with the concentration of population on the southern parts of China along River Yangtze. During Songs reign, Rice was the stable crop in Southern China and produced higher yields per acre (Asia for Educators 1). Additionally, the civilization of the Tang Dynasty became evident when Tang reestablished a unified government after the civil war of China. The influence of the Tang emperors then was extended to Vietnam, Korea, Southeast and Central Asia. There was the introduction of confusion scholars to run the government and Tang redistributed land peasants (Regents Prep 1). Additionally, the emperors established a law code that was used to govern the country. Tang also refurbished the channel system and
Thursday, October 17, 2019
Leading a Team Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Leading a Team - Essay Example Leaders exercise their power in making final decisions and also in implementing rules and regulations (Berry and Cartwright 2000).The skills that are essential in a leader in order to lead a team are decisiveness, motivational capability, communication, management, goal orientation, persuasiveness and optimism. Motivation is an essential trait of leadership. Leaders are never successful without having the skill of motivation. The leader should be self-motivated and should encourage his co-workers to perform better. Along with motivation, leaders should be able to persuade people to work in a set direction. For persuading team members, leaders must have an exemplary personality and should prove themselves as an example for their team members. For convincing team members to work in a certain direction, leaders must be communicative. They are required to communicate with their team members in order to gather ideas and decide accordingly. Leaders should make decisions after listening to their team members. The final decision should be of the leader’s. The leader should be decisive and should not rely wholly on his team members in order to come to a conclusion. Every team member should be given a chance to share his views concerning an issue or problem but the responsibility of decision-making rests on the shoulders of the leader. Leaders are required to be optimistic and goal oriented. The positivity of leaders inspires the team members to come up with positive results concerning assigned tasks. The leaders keep goals for themselves and their team members and make sure that their set goals are met. Successful leaders are those who are able to meet their set goals. Leaders are asked to follow 5 P’s to come up as effective and efficient leaders. They are: â€Å"Pay attention to what’s important†, â€Å"Praise what you want to continue†, â€Å"Punish what you want to stop†, â€Å"Pay for the results
To Organize or Not to Organize Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words
To Organize or Not to Organize - Research Paper Example Not only this, but, the company also help supply oil and transmission outlets, car dealers, firms in tucking, industrial sites, generators, gas pumps, garages and maritime vessels. The company is one of the biggest producers of oil in United States and enjoys a good reputation within the industry and their revenue and growth percent has also increased around 80% over the last three year, hence no proposing any need for a unionized employees. However, conditions in a growing corporation seldom remain the same and at one point or another scenarios and situation rises, which calls for the formation of a labor union within the company. However, for the past three years that I am working in this firm, I have seen some negative aspect of working conditions for the labors when recycling the used oil or transporting them to different retailers. Furthermore, few of the cases with my fellow employees have surfaced in the organization, but to my surprise no action or corrective measures were taken considering that this firm is one of the respected oil companies. Upon researching solely and contacting other major trade unions in field of Oil extracting and reproducing tha t having a unionized employee within a firm is essentially required before taking any huge step. Therefore, I am interested and have taken the responsibility of initiating a unionized employee to make the working condition for the employees a better one. As a union labor within the corporation will ensure that the proposals put forward by the employees are not being rendered inconvenient or useless. Similarly, this will empower the employee to so that the one who are timid or unable to stand up for them can have a platform to speak out their mind, besides the threat of controversy always works in favor of the employees (Fossum, 2006). The first situation that smoke of something unpleasant, arise in the recycling part of the corporation.
Wednesday, October 16, 2019
Leading a Team Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Leading a Team - Essay Example Leaders exercise their power in making final decisions and also in implementing rules and regulations (Berry and Cartwright 2000).The skills that are essential in a leader in order to lead a team are decisiveness, motivational capability, communication, management, goal orientation, persuasiveness and optimism. Motivation is an essential trait of leadership. Leaders are never successful without having the skill of motivation. The leader should be self-motivated and should encourage his co-workers to perform better. Along with motivation, leaders should be able to persuade people to work in a set direction. For persuading team members, leaders must have an exemplary personality and should prove themselves as an example for their team members. For convincing team members to work in a certain direction, leaders must be communicative. They are required to communicate with their team members in order to gather ideas and decide accordingly. Leaders should make decisions after listening to their team members. The final decision should be of the leader’s. The leader should be decisive and should not rely wholly on his team members in order to come to a conclusion. Every team member should be given a chance to share his views concerning an issue or problem but the responsibility of decision-making rests on the shoulders of the leader. Leaders are required to be optimistic and goal oriented. The positivity of leaders inspires the team members to come up with positive results concerning assigned tasks. The leaders keep goals for themselves and their team members and make sure that their set goals are met. Successful leaders are those who are able to meet their set goals. Leaders are asked to follow 5 P’s to come up as effective and efficient leaders. They are: â€Å"Pay attention to what’s important†, â€Å"Praise what you want to continue†, â€Å"Punish what you want to stop†, â€Å"Pay for the results
Tuesday, October 15, 2019
On hundredth congress of the united state of amreica Essay
On hundredth congress of the united state of amreica - Essay Example Costs can be improved through more comprehensive and efficient management. Quality improvement programs need to be customer oriented and management led. This will require companies, agencies in businesses in general to make significant changes to the ways they currently operate. Several examples of competing industrial nations tell us that incorporating private sector style of auditing can be beneficial and a national award for auditing quality can improve productivity. This will push American companies to improve the quality of products as they will be getting the national recognition in auditing. Companies that will improve their quality will serve as examples for others to follow. Specific guidance will be provided to those companies who would wish to be enlisted in the leading companies who have considerably improved the quality of their products. The purpose of this act is to provide for establishment and conduct of a national quality improvement program that will; give awards t o those companies who will practice effective quality management and significantly improve the quality of their products/services, and the information is disseminated about successful strategies and
Black Leaders Essay Example for Free
Black Leaders Essay Booker T. Washington and William Edward Burghardt Du Bois were influential black leaders. Their leadership strengthened the minds of the black race. During the decades of Reconstruction following the Civil War, African Americans struggled to be assimilated into the new American society. To do this African Americans required social and economic equality. Two great Negro leaders that emerged for this cause were Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois. With these two strong-headed men, another problem arose. They both sharply disagreed upon the strategies needed to gain these equalities. Washington preferred a gradual, submissive, and economically based plan. On the other hand, Du Bois relied upon a more agitating and politically aggressive plan. They worked for the advancement of African-Americans in American society, but their methods of achieving this goal and their leadership style differed greatly from one another. It is hard to fathom that two men, who helped to strive for the great goal of racial fairness, could have been such opposites, but it is true. Booker T. Washington, a former slave and the founder of the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, believed that African Americans needed to accept segregation and discrimination for the time being and concentrate on elevating themselves through hard work and material prosperity. The eventual acquisition of wealth and culture by African Americans would gradually win for them the respect and acceptance of the white community. This would break down the divisions between the two races and lead to equal citizenship for African Americans in the end. Also he urged blacks to accept discrimination for the time being and concentrate on elevating themselves through hard work and material prosperity. He believed in education in the crafts, industrial and farming skills and the cultivation of the virtues of patience, enterprise and thrift. This, he said, would win the respect of whites and lead to African Americans being fully accepted as citizens and included into all strata of society. Washington wanted blacks in the south to respect and value the need for industrial education both from a vantage of American and African experience. Booker T. Washington was born a slave on April 5, 1856 in Franklin County, Virginia. Once the slaves were emancipated, his family moved to West Virginia. There, his family was poor, and he had to work in a salt furnace and then a coal mine. In school he named himself Booker Washington. Only later did he find out his name was Booker Taliaferro. So he combined both names to form his now famous name, Booker T. Washington. He went to school at the Hampton Institute, which was an industrial school for blacks. Later on, he based his educational theories on his time at Hampton. He founded the Tuskegee Institute, which was a Negro school, which eventually became known for its hardworking, reliable graduates. William Edward Burghardt Du Bois was born into an affluent family on February 23, 1868 in Great Barrington, Massachusetts. Bois took college preparatory classes while in high school. He was also a column writer of a newspaper, the New York Globe. While still young he attended town meetings to listen to people discuss concerns of the town. He spoke about Wendell Phillips at his high school graduation. Du Boiss mother unexpectedly died in 1884. After high school, he attended Fisk University in Nashville, Tennessee. He was the first black person to obtain a Ph. D. from Harvard. He taught at Atlanta University. At Fisk he took part in public speaking and debates. He edited the Fisk Herald, the schools paper. At Fisk he realized that his goal was not for his own happiness, but for the advancement of the black race. He graduated from Fisk in 1886 with an A. B. degree. After Fisk he was accepted into Harvard. In 1895 Du Bois became the first African American to get a Ph. D. from Harvard. Even with a Ph. D. from Harvard he did not feel he was ready to deal with the problems that African Americans faced. He then spent two years at Berlin University. This gave him an extended outlook on the race problem. In the south, African Americans received segregated and unequal education established by white Americans. Du Bois was confident that he could get white Americans to give up discrimination. Du Bois was motivated to lead African Americans out of the disadvantaged position they seemed to be in. He believed the key to their advancement was in education. Near the end of the 1800s African Americans occupied unskilled jobs in southern cities. Their economic situation was not good. Du Bois felt compelled to work to improve this situation. He initially wanted to dedicate his life to education. In 1909 he contributed to the development of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). According to Gerald Hynes, Du Bois was not pleased with the group, due in part by it being under the leadership of whites. He agreed to work with them and became the editor of The Crisis (1909-1934), a publication from the NAACP. He also led the Niagara Movement. The Niagara Movement was an organization founded by black Americans to racial discrimination. The movement placed most of the blame for Americas racial problems on whites. It opposed the view of Booker T. Washington. He later became a Marxist and a Communist. Washington and Du Bois were alike in few ways. They were both black leaders. They were both teachers and authors. They were also both subject to discrimination from whites. They were both spokesmen for their separate ideologies. Du Bois and Washington were polar opposites of each other in every aspect except for the reasons previously stated. They were so much so that Du Bois published a book named The Souls of Black Folk, which contained many essays criticizing Washingtons views. Du Bois went on to write many other essays and speeches opposing the viewpoints of supposed Uncle Toms. The author believes that Booker T. Washington developed a leadership style based on the model of the old plantation house servant. He used humility, politeness, flattery, and restraint as a wedge with which he hoped to split the wall of racial discrimination. His conciliatory approach won the enthusiastic support of the solid South as well as that of influential Northern politicians and industrialists; their backing gained him a national reputation and provided him with easy access to the press. Members of his own community were filled with pride to see one of their own treated with such respect by wealthy and influential leaders of white America. Du Bois assigned Washington of giving the black race the distinct status of civil inferiority. Washington was for surrendering basic human rights and dignity for economic advancement. Du Bois thought that was detrimental to the black race. Washington thought that a vocational education was far more important to blacks than higher education. Du Bois thought that the really important things in life laid in the realm of the mind. The term The Talented Tenth was the trademark of his educational philosophy. To him, this was, The Talented Tenth of the Negro race must be made leaders of thought and missionaries of culture among their people. No others can do this work and Negro colleges must train men for it. The Negro race, like all other races, is going to be saved by its exceptional men. In the authors opinion, theres any question that Booker T. Washington did accept segregation. Booker T. Washington was an accommodationist. And his program was to accommodate the social and political situation of the South. Du Bois was not in complete disagreement with Booker T. Washington. Du Bois referred to Booker T. Washington as the greatest black leader since Frederick Douglass. And also referred to Washington as the most distinguished man, black or white, to come out of the South since the Civil War. So it wasnt as though Du Bois disagreed with Washingtons program, but Du Bois felt that there was room for more than one solution to the problem. And just as Washington advocated vocational education for the majority of African Americans in the South, Du Bois felt yes, there were African Americans in the South, perhaps the majority who at that point in their historical development were better off with vocational education. But there were others among the race who needed to be the individuals who were at the top, the individuals who did the training, the individuals who were the intelligentsia. And that you needed this group of people. And I think that was the basis of their disagreement. Not that Du Bois felt that Washington was completely wrong, but that Washington needed to have more than just one way of approaching the problem. And then of course the other issue on which they disagreed was Du Bois did not feel that you could accommodate injustice. And he felt that Washington was placing upon his shoulders an extremely heavy responsibility by advocating that African Americans accommodate the social and political system in the South. Washington stated that blacks should work hard and become economically prosperous before they should ask for racial equality from the whites. Du Bois thought that this was absolutely preposterous. Blacks shouldnt have to ask for equality from whites, it is Gods gift to them and every human being deserved it. Du Bois believed that the whites were responsible for keeping the black men down and that the black man should cry out and declare his independence. Washington wanted to please the whites, because he thought that was the only way anything good could happen. Even when he was a child, he made his name Washington, whom was a well-known white historical figure of prominence. Du Bois was more radical, whereas Washington was very moderate. Washington was a realist, Du Bois was a romantic. Du Bois wanted to stir mens hearts, Washington wanted to stir mens minds. Washington was loyal to his country, Du Bois was loyal to his race. Washington was possessed humility, and could relate to the common man, Du Bois was arrogant, egotistical, and imperious. Since he could not believe that the average Southern white man had any desire to help the Negro, Du Bois could see no future in the South for the ambitious young people of his race. Directly contradicting Washingtons counsel, Du Bois urged them to go North for freedom and advancement. He encouraged urban migration at every turn, believing that the country represented oppression and serfdom, while the city represented opportunity. It is very clear to see that their experiences were different and this is very important in understanding how they saw the future of the race. But its also important to keep in mind that for both of them, race uplift was the central key. Despite all of Du Bois attacks on him, Washington still managed to be more popular at the time, and more famous today.
Monday, October 14, 2019
The Key Procurement Issues For The Client Construction Essay
The Key Procurement Issues For The Client Construction Essay The purpose of this report is to analyse the key procurement issues for the Client Cinnamon Grand and to further evaluate the Clients objectives. Analysis of Clients objectives will be evaluated to provide a better understanding on the project issues and main concerns, which includes an analysis of the various procurement routes such as the Traditional Route, the Design Build Route and the Management Route to weigh the most suitable route to suit the Clients objectives. The report will allow the Client to make a better choice in selecting the best procurement route based on the recommendations discussed. This includes the advantages, disadvantages and risks involved for the 3 main procurement routes based on Clients objectives. It will identify issues on the project requirements on quality, time and costs ensuring the Clients objectives are met. INTRODUCTION The Client owns a large chain of hotels called Cinnamon Grand. The hotels provide guests with comfortable accommodation throughout the UK. Their main business includes adopting neglected historical landmarks and refurbishes the building to their former magnificent look. Although the Client is experienced at renovation of historical buildings, the Client does not have much experience in re-constructing damaged buildings or alteration works to the structures of the building. The project objective is to re-construct 3 Hotels, damaged by a period of bad weather and severe storms to an existing hotel quality or better. These Hotels are located in prime locations in town settings which means time is of the essence. For phase 1, time is the main priority due to the prime locations of the hotels. The opportunity cost will be incurred if there are any delays in phase 1. For phase 2, issues raised are the quality of the facilities and to ensure there is none or minimal disruption to the business. As the Consultant to the Client, we will discuss the 3 main procurement routes which are the Traditional Route, the Design Build Route and the Management Route and analyse the best route based on the Clients objective. CLIENTS OBJECTIVES Client is concern about the duration of the project and its quality. Internal facilities must be upgraded and reconstruction of building must preserve the historical outlook of the existing building. Although the Client has experience in renovation works, the current project development includes the demolition of structures and re-construction of hotels both external and internally. Projects done by Client previously is different in nature, one being renovation works, minor construction works and current is a complex re-construction and refurbishment of the damaged hotels. The project consists of 2 (two) phases:- Phase 1 is to re-construct the hotels outlook and structures and completing key areas for operation which are the Roofs, Guest Rooms, Restaurant and Swimming Pools. Expected date of possession of site by contractor is 1st Mar 2014 and expected construction completion date is 28th February 2015, a 1 year construction. Planned re-opening on 1st April 2015. Phase 2 is to enhance the hotels with new facilities such as Dance Studios, Health Fitness Centre, Conference and Meeting Rooms without any disruption to hotel operations. The Client is very concern about the duration of the project due to the location, a prime town setting which means, if the hotels completes early, the losses incur from no business days or opportunity cost will be lesser. The second concern is the quality of the building. Outlook must be the same as before being damaged, structurally must be improved to increase building total life cycle. While time and quality is of the main concern, the cost of the project must not exceed the budget of $120 million pounds for total of 3 hotels. The cost certainty must be known earliest possible. PROCUREMENT ISSUES The procurement issues are listed below:- No in-house executive by the client, means the Client have to engage consultants to oversee the project. Highly concerned about possible project delays and overrun of costs. Financial loan of $120 million pounds acquired for project. This means there is a tight budget, so cost certainty is required before the construction begins. Works in phase 2 must be done quickly to minimise the discomfort to guests. Quality of building should be high and sensitive to ensure the dignity of the building and services provided are not compromise. Every procurement route have its main priorities, no procurement can accommodate to the three main factors which are Time, Cost and Quality. PROCUREMENT ROUTES Traditional route: in this route the Client appoints a team of consultants to design and prepare tender documents. The process is in sequence as shown in Fig 1. The selection of a main contractor is done later through tendering. Fig 1 Advantages are the competitive tendering, low preparation cost for tendering, procedures are known widely and variations are easily arranged. Disadvantages are mainly the long timeline, no concurrent work at site, incomplete design results in less certainty, poor build-ability due to contractor not involved during design stage, risk by Client for the design. Risks on cost are low due to lump sum contract and there is a fixed contract date with exception that contractor claims extensions. Since the design is designed by the consultants, there is low design and quality risk. Although the Traditional route is sequential, there are 2 other variations. They are the traditional accelerated and traditional with re-measurement. For the Traditional accelerated, the contractor is appointed earlier based on partial design and brief through negotiation or competitive tendering. Traditional routes focus on the cost and the quality of the project. In this case, for the current project, time is of the essence. Traditional route is not suitable for the project. Design and Build route: in this route a main contractor is appointed to design and construct the project. This route integrates design and construction which means, the construction works are concurrent even before final design is completed as shown in Fig 2. This quickens the timeline of the project. Fig 2 Advantages of this route are the client liaises with a single point of communication and responsibility. The price certainty is known before the construction starts. The total project duration is shorter than in the traditional route as works are done concurrently with design. Disadvantages are there is no design overview because it is designed by the contractor. The design brief by client must be adequate and the bid through tender is difficult to compare. Changes made by client can be expensive. Risk on cost and time are low as it will be on a lump sum basis and works are done to a fix time. There is a high risk in design and quality as the contractor controls the design and some contractors do not have the capacity to carry out the proper design. Although the design is mostly done by contractor, variants such as Develop construct can be considered to improve design. In develop construct route the employer appoints a consultant at the initial stage to develop a detailed design to have more control on the design. Assuming the Client have the detailed design drawing for the existing building, this option is the most suitable for the project. Management route: this route consists of 2 variant, The Management Contracting and The Construction Management route. In this route, the Client appoints the Management Contractor at an early stage where they help to design and contribute management expertise. The appointments of sub-contractors/specialist contractor are decided by both the Client and Management Contractor before work commencement in packages, as shown in Fig 3. Fig 3 Advantages are the work packages of specialist contractors are competitive, due to the concurrent works, timeline will be quickened. Late changes can easily be accommodated and the relationship between the Client and the Management Contractor is much closer than in traditional. Disadvantages are the cost prediction, the need for a good project team and a quality brief. The design must be managed properly to ensure work packages is kept on programme. Risks are low for design and quality due to close link between client and contractor but medium risk for cost and time as the amount is known after the last package is let. This route is longer compared to design and build and require a good history between client and contractor. RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the Clients objectives, the Design Build variant (Develop Construct) is the most suitable for the project. This procurement route does not need an in-house executive as a consultant will be in-charge of developing the design of the project. Assuming Client has the design of the existing 3 hotels, the design for the structure is acquired and project can commence as early as a contractor is appointed, shorter timeline. The cost of the project will be known before the work commences and the quality of building will not be compromise due to existing design by Client and additional inputs by the design team for the phase 2 of the project. The quality of phase 2 will be based on design worked by the Client specifications and the design team, ensuring good quality facilities.
Sunday, October 13, 2019
indians :: essays research papers
â€Å"James Luna, A Native American Man,†is an insightful, cut the bullshit, view of the modern Indian culture. I identify with Luna’s viewpoints as I have seen many of the situations he describes with his art to be true to life. I have spent a lot of time in Northern Canada fishing with my brother and father. The areas we visit are predominantly Indian reservations. Having spent quite a bit of time getting to know these types of towns and people, I have grown aware of some of the many problems that surround the modern day reservation lifestyle. It is true that most people have romantic and Disneyland-ish ideas about what it means to be a modern Indian, the most of which are complete fantasy. The reality behind the situation seems to be the exact opposite. The majority of reservation towns are dirty, poor, and run-down. Many of the people have alcohol and drug related problems starting at a young age. At a quick drive through one might assume he was passing through another slum. There are no teepees, no headdresses, and no rituals. For the most part there is only poverty. Unless the town is lucky enough to have a casino, the majority of the people live month to month on their reparation checks. This is where I believe, as do many of the Indians I have spoken to, the problem lies. The idea of reparations sounds good enough in theory. Pay people back for what was taken from them long ago. The long-term effects of reparations though tend to be devastating to the Indian culture. Why would giving people free money be harmful? Quite simply, handouts deprive people of pride, a sense of equality and belonging, and especially motivation. The people I have talked to all claim the same thing†¦Children growing up know that they don’t have to work if they don’t want to. That tends to be the common attitude of the reservation Indian. This also encourages what Luna calls, â€Å"Wannabee’s,†to try and get in on the action for a chunk of change. And lets not forget the known tendencies toward alcohol and addiction that makes it even easier to drink and pass the time, rather than having to work and entrepreneur.
Saturday, October 12, 2019
How Does One Define Good Advice? :: Defintion Essays
How Does One Define Good Advice? I believe that a good advice is a truthful, general, specific and helpful idea given by someone that we know and trust. This idea usually transmits confidence and security in a time we need to make an important decision. Also, I would say that a good advice is an opinion given by someone that is prepared in a specific field. Usually they are called advisors or counselors, and they try to help people to guide their decisions, with a truthful, precise and accurate opinion that could even refer to their own past experiences. These decisions sometimes could change their lives. I think that when we receive an advice, we are the ones to determine if it is the right choice to follow it. Also, I think that sometimes human beings need to make their own mistakes, and obtain their own experience in specific situations of life, this doesn't mean that people shouldn't follow an advice, but to be able to decide on their own. "People need to learn somehow". Of course, there are many cases when we feel that by sharing our thoughts, feelings and experiences with someone that would listen and try to understand, we would feel more secure and confident in our actions. An example, I would refer to Roby Isaacs - Advices': "The next week my counselor could see major changes in my behavior". I believe she felt a higher grade of security by sharing her experience with a counselor. However, not everyone feels the same way, because even if an advisee gets an advice from someone with experience doesn't mean that the advisor has had followed his own advice in the past. For example, I would refer to Cale Sudwall - Advices': "Then my friend said, ya I should have listened to myself too, I put it off and I did shitty". In the other hand, a good advice could be expressed as a sugestion or in some cases as a warning too. Futhermore, even if the advisee knows that the advice is good, he has the right to decide to follow it or not. Also, I believe that sometimes is hard to accept a good advice even if it's coming from someone we trust, and I think there is when the advisee needs time to make a decision.
Friday, October 11, 2019
Artificial Intelligence for Speech Recognition Essay
ABSTRACT: When you dial the telephone number of a big company, you are likely to hear the sonorous voice of a cultured lady who responds to your call with great courtesy saying â€Å"welcome to company X. Please give me the extension number you want†.You pronounces the extension number, your name, and the name of the person you want to contact. If the called person accepts the call, the connection is given quickly. This is artificial intelligence where an automatic call-handling system is used without employing any telephone operator. Artificial Intelligence (AI) involves two basic ideas. First, it involves studying the thought processes of human beings. Second, it deals with representing those processes via machines (computers, robots, etc).AI is the behavior of a machine, which, if performed by a human being, would be called intelligent. It makes machines smarter and more useful, is less expensive than natural intelligence. Natural Language Processing (NLP) refers to Artificial Intelligence methods of Communicating with a computer in a natural language like English. The main objective of a NLP program is to understand input and initiate action. The input words are scanned and matched against internally stored known words. Identification of a keyword causes some action to be taken. In this way, one can communicate with computer in one’s language. One of the main application of AI is speech recognition system is that it lets user do other works simultaneously. The speech recognition process is performed by a software component known as the speech recognition engine. A speech recognition system is a type of software that allows the user to have their spoken words converted into written text in a computer application such as a word processor or spreadsheet. The computer can also be controlled by the use of spoken commands. As we can’t design electronic device which recognizes everyone’s voice, based on that it is divided into speaker dependency and speaker independency. The working of the system involves ADC, comparison of this binary version with the stored words. The limitations for this are: must be completely trained by the user, most successful for those competent in the art of dictation. It is applicable in blue eyes technology, telephone applications like travel booking, financial account information, in military for controlling of weapons. By considering all the above factors it differs from other technologies as it produce written text from the user’s dictation, without using, or with only minimal use of, a traditional keyboard and mouse. This is an obvious benefit to many people who, for any number of reasons, do not find it easy to use a keyboard, or whose spelling and literacy skills would benefit from seeing occur. Speech recognition will revolutionize the way people conduct business over the Web and will, ultimately, differentiate world-class ebusinesses the Web, decreases fatigue and created its own path across various fields. INTRODUCTION: Evidence of Artificial Intelligence folklore can be traced back to ancient Egypt, but with the development of the electronic computer in 1941, the technology finally became available to create machine intelligence. The term artificial intelligence was first coined in 1956, at the Dartmouth conference, and since then Artificial Intelligence has expanded because of the theories and principles developed by its dedicated researchers. Artificial intelligence, also known as machine intelligence, is defined as intelligence exhibited by anything manufactured (i.e. artificial) by humans or other sentient beings or systems (should such things ever exist on Earth or elsewhere). With the popularity of the AI computer growing, the interest of the public has also grown. Applications for the Apple Macintosh and IBM compatible computer, such as voice and character recognition have become available. Also AI technology has made steadying camcorders simple using fuzzy logic. With a greater demand for A I-related technology, new advancements are becoming available. Inevitably Artificial Intelligence has, and will continue to affecting our lives. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Effort to develop computer-based systems: that behave like humans: learn languages ï‚ § accomplish physical tasks use a perceptual apparatus With the development of practical techniques based on AI research, advocates of AI have argued that opponents of AI have repeatedly changed their position on tasks such as computer chess or speech recognition that were previously regarded as â€Å"intelligent†in order to deny the accomplishments of AI. They point out that this moving of the goalposts effectively defines â€Å"intelligence†as â€Å"whatever humans can do that machines cannot†. A speech recognition system is a type of software that allows the user to have their spoken words converted into written text in a computer application such as a word processor or spreadsheet. The computer can also be controlled by the use of spoken commands. Speech recognition software can be installed on a personal computer of appropriate specification. The user speaks into a microphone (a headphone microphone is usually supplied with the product). The software generally requires an initial training and enrolment process in order to teach the software to recognize the voice of the user. A voice profile is then produced that is unique to that individual. This procedure also helps the user to learn how to speak to a computer. WORKING: The user speaks to the computer through a microphone, which in turn, identifies the meaning of the words and sends it to NLP device for further processing. Once recognized, the words can be used in a variety of applications like display, robotics, Commands to computers, and dictation .The word recognizer is a speech recognition system that identifies individual words. Following are a few of the basic terms and concepts that are fundamental to speech recognition. Utterances Pronunciations Grammar Accuracy The speech quality varies from person to person. The grammar used by the speaker and accepted by the system, noise level, noise type, position of the microphone, and speed and manner of the user ¶s speech are some factors that may affect the quality of the speech recognition. The computer must be trained to the voice of that particular individual. Such a system is called Speaker-dependent system. Speaker-independent system can be used by anybody, and can recognize any voice, even though the characteristics vary widely from one speaker to another. SPEECH DEPENDENT WORD RECOGNIER: The normal speech has a frequency range of 200 Hz to 7KHz. Recognizing a telephone call is more difficult as it has bandwidth limitations of 300Hz to 3.3KHz.As explained earlier the spoken words are processed by the filters and ADCs. The binary representation of each of these words becomes a template or standard against which the future words are compared. These templates are stored in the memory. Once the storing process is completed, the system can go into its active mode and is capable of identifying the spoken words. As each word is spoken, it is converted into binary equivalent and stored in RAM. The computer then starts searching and compares the binary input pattern with the templates. It is to be noted that even if the same speaker talks the same text, there are always slight variations in amplitude or loudness of the signal, pitch, frequency difference, time gap etc.Due to this reason there is never a perfect match between the template and the binary input word. The pattern matching process therefore uses statistical techniques and is designed to look for the best fit. The values of binary input words are subtracted from the corresponding values in the templates. If both the values are same, the difference is zero and there is perfect match. If not the subtraction produces some difference or error. the smaller the error the better the match. SPEECH INDEPENDENT WORD RECOGNIZER: The search process takes a considerable amount of time, as the CPU has to make many comparisons before recognition occurs. This necessitates use of very high-speed processors. A Large RAM is also required as even though a spoken word may last only a few hundred milliseconds, but the same is translated into many thousands of digital words. It is important to note that alignment of words and speeds as well as elongate different parts of the same word. This is important for the speaker- independent recognizers. APPLICATIONS: HEALTH CARE: Speech recognition is used to enable deaf people to understand the spoken word via speech to text conversion, which is very helpful. Speech recognition is especially useful for people who have difficulty using their hands, ranging from mild repetitive stress injuries to involved disabilities that preclude using conventional computer input devices. (HAND FREE COMPUTING). MILITARY: speech recognizers have been operated successfully in fighter aircraft with applications including: setting radio frequencies, commanding an autopilot system, setting steer-point coordinates and weapons release parameters, and controlling flight displays. TRAINING AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLERS: Training for military (or civilian) air traffic controllers (ATC) represents an excellent application for speech recognition systems. TELEPHONY: Speech is used mostly as a part of User Interface, for creating pre-defined or custom speech commands. LIMITATIONS:  It needs to be completely tailored to the user and trained by the user. It is often set up on one machine, and so can create difficulties for a user who Works from many locations, for example from school and home. It depends on the user having the desire to produce text and be able to invest the Time, training and perseverance necessary to achieve it. It is most successful for those competent in the art of dictation CONCLUSION: Speech recognition had prevailed and achieved tremendous results in different field’s .I t made our interactions with the computer easier than earlier. This technology had reduced the difference between human-to-human and human-to-machine interaction. FUTURE TRENDS: It would yield better results: When it was made noise resistant. Understand our emotions User friendly as accent of a machine differs from human’s It must be portable to use irrespective of the device. REFERENCES: www.seminoron .com www.edu.org www.ibm .com www.dragonsys.com
Thursday, October 10, 2019
Network 360
Adrian D. Horstead, Sr. 1217 Belcourt Parkway Hurlburt Field, FL 32544 Cell: (770) 686-0425 [email protected] edu OBJECTIVE: To attain a long term position with a stable growing company. EDUCATION: Bachelors of Science Degree in Business Administration Samford University, Birmingham, AL Major: Management (Graduated May of 2004) Fall 2004 Marketing Internship Samford University Athletics, Birmingham, AL Planning and execution of pre-game activities * Managed children’s activities( Kid-Zone) during football games SKILLS: Adept in Windows and Macintosh operating systems with demonstrated proficiency in Microsoft Office Suite Windows 98, Microsoft Office XP, Goldmine Sales and Marketing, ACT, SaleForce. com, QuickBooks Pro, Dreamweaver, E-mail, Intranet, Internet WORK EXPERIENCE: March 2009- Present Structural Craftsman- United States Air Force Reserve Structural layout/framing of floors, walls, wooden and metal studs and roofs * Masonry construction such as mixing mortar and l aying block * Finished carpentry (installing and repairing gypsum board) * Installation and maintenance on personnel and facility doors (wood, metal, roll-up doors, door closers, locking devices) * Sheet metal layout and fabrication * Oxyacetylene and plasma torches used on alloy * Stick, MIG, and TIG welding August 2005- January 2009 Bulk Advanced Sales Supervisor- Coca-Cola Bottling Company United, Inc. Birmingham, AL. Merchandise for all home market accounts (Wal-mart, Bi-Lo, Food Giant) * Trained bulk and trainee salesman on merchandising standards and accountability * Ensure production for all home market accounts * Worked hand in hand with other supervisors on ordering and merchandising products * Communicate with store managers on upcoming sales and displays July 2004- January 2006 Presentation Administrator – Nutro Products Inc, Birmingham, AL * Set up Nutro displays in the greater Birmingham area pet stores (Superpetz, Pet Supplies â€Å"Plus†, Pet Supermarket ) Make presentations about Nutro Products * Convert animal owners to Nutro customers * Maintain thorough knowledge of the pet food industry April 2004-January 2005 Sales Representative- DAXKO, LLC, Birmingham, AL * Planning and execution of promotion and distribution of web-based application * Develop and maintain thorough industry, market, and product knowledge * Develop customer relationships with C-level managers of YMCAs * Accurately forecasting sales activity and revenue achievement * Manage assigned market and opportunity pipelineMEMBERSHIPS: Structural Craftsmen, United States Air Force Reserve, 2009- present Scholarship Athlete, Samford University Football, 1999-2003 Member, Fellowship of Christian Athletes, 1996- present Member, Samford University Alumni Council CEO of Hocutt Foundation, Inc. 2004- present ACTIVITIES: Spring 2004 Recruiter- Senior Campaign Committee, Samford University Recruited representatives from different school departments Spring 2004 Group Leader- Ves tavia Hills Boys’ Bible Club, Birmingham, AL * Organized Bible-based activities for participating elementary children Spring 1999 Speaker- Upward Basketball, Opp, AL * Spoke to youth basketball organization References John P. Andrews II (Supervisor) 213 Hermey Ave Pensacola, Fl. 32507 (850) 281-3266 Robert W. Service, Ph. D. (Professor) Associate Professor, School of Business Samford University 00 Lakeshore Drive Birmingham, AL 35299 (205) 726- 2544 (Work) [email protected] edu Barry Thomason (Supervisor) DAXKO, LLC 2204 Lakeshore Drive Birmingham, AL 35209 (205) 437-1400 x130 (Work) [email protected] com Jerome Rogers (City Planner) City of Opp 607 Opine Road Opp, AL 36467 (334) 493-7700 (Home) [email protected] com Cheryl A. Kidd (Administrator) Birmingham City Council Administrator City Hall 710 North 20th Street Birmingham, AL 35203 (205) 335-3895 (Cell) [email protected] birmingham. al. us
Wednesday, October 9, 2019
From the assigned readings present an executive summary of the law in Term Paper
From the assigned readings present an executive summary of the law in 200 words or less, and discuss how the law is applied and - Term Paper Example One of the sub-groups of the CMS is responsible for enforcing the Program of CLIA. All the registered and non-registered medical laboratories in the U.S. are legally bound to implement the Amendments mentioned in the CLIA. In the year of 1965, the Medicare and Medicaid programs were drafted and signed into law. This draft was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson as a health insurance cover to people who are aged 65 and over. Medicare is not sufficient enough to protect many senior citizens of U.S. against long hospital stays or major health related expenses. Individuals are required to first pay $800 of hospital care and the first $100 of outpatient physician visits. If they are required to stay for more than sixty or ninety days, additional $250 per day is required to be paid for hospital care (Pauly, 2008). The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, which is a regulatory body, can guide employers over the issue of the health benefits. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission can authorise employers either to decrease or drop health benefits for retirees reaching the age of Medicare eligibility. Second part of the assignment: Health care has become a serious and dangerous problem in the United States of America. The costs of health have no point to stop and provide relief to Americans.
Tuesday, October 8, 2019
Financial accounting Master Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words
Financial accounting Master - Research Paper Example Also, assume that the only thing that the Dow Jones sold was one piece of printing equipment for $190,000 in cash. a) How much did the Dow Jones originally pay for the piece of equipment that was sold COMPUTATION: Balance (at start) = 1,181,171 Add: Purchase during the year = 155,000 Less: Balance (at end) = (1,177,300) Cost of Equipment = 158,871 JOURNAL ENTRIES Debit Credit Cash 190,000 Allowance for depreciation 122,000 Equipment 158,871 Gain on Sale 153,129 So the payment is made $ 190,000. b At the time of sale, what was the accumulated depreciation on the piece of equipment that was sold COMPUTATION: Cost of Equipment = 158,871 Less: Depreciation = (122,000) Book Value = 36,871 Less: Sale proceeds = (190,000) Gain on Sale = 153,129 Therefore, the depreciation on the sale of equipment amounted $122,000. c Did Dow Jones record a gain or a loss on the sale of the printing equipment As per calculation in the part (b) it is clear fact that Dow Jones recorded a gain of $153,129 on the sale of equipment. PART III: Trump Hotels and Casino Resorts Inc. - Bonds 1. Were the "Trump AC Funding 11% First Mortgage notes, due 2006" issued at par, at a premium or at a discount Justify your answer. After reviewing the long term debt section, according to my assessment "Trump AC Funding 11% First Mortgage notes, due 2006" it was clearly indicated that the management of the company funds the mortgage at par and the management of the company issues mortgage notes at par on the secondary market. 2. Record the entry made at the original... Although, their is no clear indication about the face value but I assume that the face value of the mortgage is $100.And the "Trump AC Funding II 11 % First Mortgage notes" bonds are issued on discount. Bond prices are fluctuated when the company opt the aggressive or conservative accounting policies. The adaptation of those accounting practices enforces management to issue the bond at discount or at face value. Macro factors like fiscal policy, interest rate fluctuations, recession in the economy and difference of timing in the issuance of bond makes a significant impression on the overall valuation of the company. 5. Record the entry that was made for the "Trump AC Funding II 11 % First Mortgage notes" when these notes were issued on January 1, 1997 (Hint: These notes were issued at 95.70% of their face value). 8 Assume that on December 31st, 2001, Trump re-purchased all of the outstanding Castle PIK Notes for $119,500,000. What would the gain or loss be on the repurchase of bonds (net of tax rate of 40%) 10 Assume that on January 1st, 2001, the market rate of interest was 12% on bonds of similar risk to these Castle PIK Notes.
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